Recently, the respiratory department treated a cough patient with chronic cough. Patient Wang, 28, is a famous singer. She usually has good habits and doesn't smoke or drink. A few months ago, after catching a cold, Miss Wang felt a little coughing, but she didn't have phlegm and didn't care. She took some cough medicine herself. Unexpectedly, his cough has been bad. It has become more and more serious recently. Especially at night, his cough can be heard by the neighbors on the whole floor, which has seriously affected Mr. Wang's life.
After admission, Miss Wang was diagnosed with "cough variant asthma" after a series of examinations. After learning that he had asthma, he was completely blind. He never thought that the "ordinary cough" in his eyes would eventually become "asthma".
In fact, in daily life, there are many "cough" patients like Miss Wang. It is often treated as a common cough to delay the disease.
Aký druh ochorenia je teda astma s variantom kašľa? Ako by sme ho mali identifikovať a ako mu predchádzať?
Asthma without wheezing and shortness of breath. Let's know
Variantná astma kašeľ je špeciálnym typom astmy a zápalovým ochorením dýchacích ciest. Takíto pacienti nemajú žiadne bežné príznaky astmy, ako je sipot a dýchavičnosť. Kašeľ je jediným alebo hlavným prejavom, preto sa často ignoruje.
Pre toto ochorenie je charakteristický najmä dráždivý suchý kašeľ (10 ml vykašliavania denne, čo je asi množstvo uzáverov fliaš dvoch druhov obyčajných minerálok), hlavne v noci a ráno. Približne jedna-tretina pacientov kašle dlhodobo a čas nástupu kašľa je viac ako 8 týždňov. Hyperreaktivita dýchacích ciest je predpokladom astmatického záchvatu. Hyperreaktivita dýchacích ciest sa týka rýchlejšej a intenzívnejšej reakcie dýchacích ciest na vonkajšie podnety.
Patients with well controlled "cough variant asthma" may not have symptoms at ordinary times, but once stimulated by cold, cold air, dust, oil fume and so on. They may stimulate airway hyperresponsiveness and induce or aggravate cough.
When ordinary cough is treated, it's wrong
Cough variant asthma cannot be treated as a common cough. Domestic guidelines recommend the use of inhaled corticosteroids combined with bronchodilators, such as "budesonide / formoterol" and "fluticasone / salmeterol". It is suggested that the treatment time should be at least 8 weeks, and some patients need long-term medication. If the patient has severe symptoms and poor response to inhaled glucocorticoids, oral glucocorticoids are recommended.
Okrem toho sa môžu použiť aj antagonisty leukotriénových receptorov, ako je montelukast sodný. Podobné lieky môžu zmierniť príznaky kašľa, zlepšiť kvalitu života a zmierniť zápal dýchacích ciest.
For a small number of patients who do not respond to inhaled glucocorticoids, the use of these drugs may still be effective. At the same time, traditional Chinese medicine believes that "cough variant asthma" is related to wind evil invading the lung and lung qi loss. In the treatment of cough variant asthma, it is appropriate to dispel wind and promote lung, stop cough and promote pharynx. Suhuang Zhike capsule has significant curative effect.
Okrem medikamentóznej liečby môžu títo pacienti prijať aj niektoré účinné opatrenia, aby zabránili vzniku astmy variantu kašľa. V prvom rade udržiavať dobré životné a stravovacie návyky: prestať fajčiť a alkohol, zabezpečiť primeranú výživu, zlepšiť ich imunitu, vyhýbať sa pikantným a stimulujúcim jedlám, zabezpečiť dostatočný spánok a správny pohyb.
Secondly, avoid long-term exposure to inducing factors, such as dust, pollen, oil fume, irritant gas, cold air, cold, etc. Finally, early intervention, regular medication, once diagnosed as "cough variant asthma" should be treated as soon as possible.
